2C12 Malignant neoplasms of liver or intrahepatic bile ducts
International Classification of Diseases for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics, 11th Revision, v2024-01
The most frequent and important hepatic neoplasm is the primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In many parts of the world, in particular Africa and Asia, it poses a significant disease burden. In these high incidence regions, chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the principal underlying cause, with the exception of Japan which has a high prevalence of hepatitis C infection. HBV vaccination has become a powerful tool in reducing cirrhosis and HCC, but implementation is still suboptimal in several high risk regions. In Western countries, chronic alcohol abuse is a major aetiological factor. Hepatic cholangiocarcinoma has a different geographical distribution, with peak incidences in Northern Thailand. Here, it is caused by chronic infection with the liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, which is ingested through infected raw fish.
exclusions
sections/codes in this section (2C12-2C12)
postcoordination
Add Stem and/or Extension codes to form a cluster code which adds detail to the condition.
Has manifestation - multiple selections are allowed
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Has alternative severity2 - only one may be selected
synonyms
- Malignant neoplasms of liver or intrahepatic bile ducts
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